Vitamins: The Vital Micronutrients

Vitamins are organic compounds required by the body in small amounts for various metabolic processes. They are categorized based on their solubility.

Classification of Vitamins

• Fat-Soluble Vitamins: Vitamins A, D, E, and K. These are stored in the body’s fatty tissues and liver.
• Water-Soluble Vitamins: Vitamin C and the B-complex group. These are not stored and must be consumed regularly.

Key Vitamins & Deficiency Diseases

• Vitamin A (Retinol): Deficiency causes Night Blindness (Nyctalopia) and Xerophthalmia.
• Vitamin B1 (Thiamine): Deficiency leads to Beriberi.
• Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid): Deficiency causes Scurvy (bleeding gums).
• Vitamin D (Calciferol): Deficiency leads to Rickets in children and Osteomalacia in adults.
• Vitamin K (Phylloquinone): Deficiency leads to delayed blood clotting.

Question for you: Which Vitamin contains the metal cobalt and is also known as Cyanocobalamin?

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